Relação enfermeiro-pessoa afetada pela Tuberculose fundamentada na teoria do alcance de metas de imogene king / La relación enfermería-Persona afectada por la Tuberculosis, según la Teoría del logro de objetivos de imogene king / The nurse-tuberculosis patient relationship according to Imogene King's theory of goal achievement

Resumo Introdução: As ações desenvolvidas na Atenção Primária à Saúde são um dos pontos fortes de combate à tuberculose. Nesse nível de atenção, o contato contínuo do enfermeiro por meio da consulta de enfermagem permite manter relação com a população adoecida. Diante da relação enfermeiro-pessoa cuidada para o estabelecimento do vínculo e adesão ao tratamento contra tuberculose, compreende-se a importância do referencial teórico de Imogene King para estruturar a interação enfermeiro-pessoa cuidada e oferecer uma dinâmica para esse processo. Objetivo: Analisar a relação enfermeiro-pessoa afetada pela tuberculose fundamentada na Teoria do Alcance de Metas de Imogene King. Método: Estudo descritivo com abordagem qualitativa, com 14 enfermeiros da APS, selecionadas por conveniência. A coleta de dados ocorreu de agosto a novembro de 2018, por meio de entrevista semiestruturada, elaborada com base no Registro Meta-Orientado de Enfermagem de Imogene King. Os dados foram analisados de forme qualitativa pelo Software IRAMUTEQ. A pesquisa foi aprovada pelo Comitê de Ética. Resultados: Após a análise, emergiram quatro classes: 1) relação estabelecida com base no acolhimento; 2) relação enfermeiro-pessoa com tuberculose e o apoio de outros profissionais e familiares; 3) relação estabelecida com vistas ao cumprimento do tratamento; e 4) relação estabelecida para enfrentamento do preconceito diante da tuberculose. Conclusão: O acolhimento, a família e o vínculo entre profissional, paciente e equipe da Atenção Primária à Saúde fortalecem o enfrentamento da doença e reforçam a adesão ao tratamento medicamentoso.

Resumen Introducción: Uno de los puntos fuertes de la lucha contra la tuberculosis son las acciones desarrolladas en la atención primaria de salud. En este nivel asistencial, el contacto continuo de las enfermerías a través de la consulta de enfermería permite mantener una relación con la población enferma. Frente a la relación enfermería-persona para el establecimiento del vínculo y la adherencia al tratamiento contra la tuberculosis, se entiende la importancia del referente teórico de Imogene King para estructurar la interacción enfermería-persona y ofrecer una dinámica para este proceso. Objetivo: Análisis de la relación entre el personal de enfermería y las personas afectadas por la tuberculosis, a partir de la teoría del logro de objetivos de Imogene King. Método: Estudio descriptivo con abordaje cualitativo, con 14 enfermeras de atención primaria de salud, seleccionadas por conveniencia. La recolección de datos ocurrió de agosto a noviembre de 2018, a través de una entrevista semiestructurada, elaborada con base en el registro meta-orientado de enfermería de Imogene King. Los datos fueron analizados cualitativamente utilizando el software IRAMUTEQ. La investigación fue aprobada por el Comité de Ética. Resultados: Después del análisis, surgieron cuatro clases: 1) relación establecida con base en la recepción, 2) relación enfermería-persona con tuberculosis y apoyo de otras personas profesionales y familiares, 3) relación establecida con miras al cumplimiento del tratamiento y 4) relación establecida para combatir los prejuicios contra la tuberculosis. Conclusión: La acogida, la familia y el vínculo entre profesional, paciente y equipo de atención primaria de salud fortalecen el afrontamiento de la enfermedad y refuerzan la adherencia al tratamiento farmacológico.

Abstract Introduction: One of the main aspects in the fight against tuberculosis are the actions developed in Primary Health Care (PHC). At this level of care, the nurse's continuous contact through the nursing consultation allows them to maintain a relationship with the sick population. Regarding the nurse-patient relationship for establishing a bond and the compliance with tuberculosis treatment, we understand the importance of Imogene King's theoretical framework for structuring the nurse-patient interaction and offering a dynamic for this process. Objective: To analyze the nurse-tuberculosis patient relationship based on Imogene King's Theory of Goal Achievement. Method: A descriptive study with a qualitative approach, with 14 PHC nurses, selected by convenience. Data were collected from August to November 2018 through semi-structured interviews based on Imogene King's Meta-Oriented Nursing Record. The data were analyzed qualitatively using the IRAMUTEQ software. The research was approved by the Ethics Committee. Results: After the analysis, four classes emerged: 1) relationship established on the basis of welcoming; 2) nurse-tuberculosis patient relationship and the support of other professionals and family members; 3) relationship established towards treatment compliance; and 4) relationship established to confront prejudice associated with tuberculosis. Conclusion: The welcoming, the family, and the bond between the professional, the patient and Primary Health Care team strengthen the coping with the disease and reinforce the compliance with the pharmacological treatment.

Percepções de enfermeiros sobre gestão do cuidado e seus fatores intervenientes para o controle da tuberculose / Percepciones de enfermeros sobre gestión de la atención y factores intervinientes para el control de la tuberculosis / Nurses' perceptions on care management and its intervening factors for tuberculosis control

Resumo Objetivo Analisar as percepções de enfermeiros sobre gestão do cuidado e seus fatores intervenientes para o controle da tuberculose na Atenção Primária em Saúde. Método Estudo descritivo, qualitativo, realizado com 29 enfermeiros que atuavam no controle da tuberculose em 23 Unidades Básicas de Saúde de Belém, Pará. Os dados foram produzidos por entrevistas individuais, utilizando roteiro semiestruturado, e submetidos à análise de conteúdo temática, proposta por Bardin. Resultados Originaram-se duas categorias temáticas: "A gestão do cuidado de enfermeiros para o controle da tuberculose nas Unidades Básicas de Saúde" e "Fatores intervenientes na efetivação da gestão do cuidado no controle da tuberculose nas Unidades Básicas de Saúde". Conclusão e implicações para a prática O conhecimento dos enfermeiros sobre a política e a gestão do cuidado no controle da tuberculose precisa ser fortalecido, e embora eles tenham clareza sobre suas competências, não conseguem realizá-las em sua plenitude por questões referentes à pouca organização dos serviços, centralização das atividades nos enfermeiros, baixa cooperação multiprofissional, falta de insumos e de pessoal e questões socioeconômicas ligadas ao usuário com tuberculose.

Resumen Objetivo Analizar la percepción de enfermeros sobre la gestión de la atención y los factores intervinientes para el control de la tuberculosis en la Atención Primaria de la Salud. Método Estudio descriptivo cualitativo realizado con 29 enfermeros que pre en el control de la tuberculosis en 23 Unidades Básicas de Salud de Belém, Pará. Los datos fueron producidos por entrevistas individuales, utilizando un guion semiestructurado, y sometido al análisis de contenido temático propuesto por Bardin. Resultados Se originaron dos categorías temáticas: "La gestión de la atención de enfermeros para el control de la tuberculosis en las Unidades Básicas de Salud" y "Factores intervinientes en la efectividad de la gestión de la atención en el control de la tuberculosis en las Unidades Básicas de Salud". Conclusión e implicaciones para la práctica Es necesario fortalecer el conocimiento de las enfermeras sobre la política y la gestión de la atención en el control de la tuberculosis, y aunque tienen claras sus competencias, no pueden implementarlas en su totalidad debido a problemas relacionados con la mala organización de los servicios, la centralización de actividades en los enfermeros, baja cooperación multiprofesional, falta de insumos y personal y aspectos socioeconómicos relacionados con el usuario con tuberculosis.

Abstract Objective To analyze nurses' perceptions on care management and its intervening factors for tuberculosis control in Primary Health Care. Method A descriptive and qualitative study conducted with 29 nurses who worked on tuberculosis control in 23 Basic Health Units in Belém, Pará. The data were produced by individual interviews, using a semi-structured script, and submitted to thematic content analysis, as proposed by Bardin. Results Two thematic categories emerged, namely: "Care management by nurses for tuberculosis control in Basic Health Units" and "Intervening factors in the application of care management for tuberculosis control in Basic Health Units". Conclusion and implications for the practice The nurses' knowledge about the care policy and management for tuberculosis control needs to be strengthened and, although nurses are aware of their competences, they are unable to fully implement them due to issues related to poor organization services, centralization of activities on them, low multiprofessional cooperation, scarcity of supplies and personnel, and socioeconomic issues related to tuberculosis patients.

Fighting TB in underserved populations: homeless communities.

David Thomas, TB Nurse Consultant, University Hospitals Dorset, david.thomas@uhd.nhs.uk, was runner-up, along with Susie Barrett in the Infection Control Nurse of the Year category of the BJN Awards 2020.

Registro do processo de enfermagem e percepção dos enfermeiros sobre sua prática na atenção às pessoas com tuberculose em um serviço de atenção primária à saúde / Registration of the nursing process and nurses' perception of their practice in the care of people with tuberculosis in a primary health care service

A consulta de enfermagem (CE) é uma oportunidade para o profissional estabelecer vínculo com a pessoa que está em atendimento na unidade de saúde e iniciar um processo de Educação em Saúde, o que pode resultar na apropriação de informações sobre o problema de saúde vivenciado e facilitar a adesão ao tratamento e aumentar as chances de se obter o resultado esperado, no caso da tuberculose (TB), a cura da doença. Objetivo: avaliar os registros do Processo de Enfermagem (PE) nas consultas de enfermagem para acompanhamento de pessoas com TB, realizadas em unidades de um Serviço de Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS), no ano de 2019, e identificar apercepção dos enfermeiros sobre sua prática no cuidado de pessoas com TB. Metodologia: estudo do tipo descritivo com uma parte retrospectiva por meio da coleta de informações nos registros da consulta de enfermagem em prontuário e uma segunda parte analítica sobre a percepção dos enfermeiros quanto à forma que realizam o cuidado das pessoas com TB. Resultados: a média geral das CE, realizadas durante os seis (6) meses de tratamento, foi três (3) consultas por paciente, com variação de 1 a 11 consultas,sendo que quatro (4) casos não tiveram nenhuma CE. O PE foi registrado deforma incompleta na maioria das evoluções. Em relação à percepção dos enfermeiros sobre seu trabalho destaca-se a referência realizada a falta deformação na graduação e da oferta de treinamento prático sobre o PE aplicado a serviços de APS, pelo serviço onde trabalham; ainda, a demanda excessiva de trabalho como empecilho para execução do PE. Considerações Finais: A CE para atenção às pessoas com TB poderia ser melhor explorada nas unidades de saúde da GSC, pois é um espaço potente para a educação em saúde e adesão ao tratamento da TB o que pode auxiliar no alcance de melhores resultados...(AU)

Vulnerabilidade e estratégias de adesão ao tratamento da tuberculose: discurso dos enfermeiros da atenção primária / Vulnerability and strategies for adherence to tuberculosis treatment: primary care nurses' discourse / Vulnerabilidad y estrategias de adhesión al tratamiento de la tuberculosis discurso de los enfermeros de la atención primaria

Objetivo: identificar as estratégias dos enfermeiros para potencializar a adesão de pacientes em tratamento de tuberculose diante de suas vulnerabilidades ao abandono. Método: estudo descritivo de abordagem qualitativa, realizado com 13 enfermeiros da Atenção Primária à Saúde de um município do Ceará, Brasil. Utilizou-se entrevista semiestrutura que foram submetidas à técnica do Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo. Resultado: as vulnerabilidades ao abandono foram: condições de saúde; aspectos comportamentais; falta de moradia, dinheiro e apoio familiar e falta de incentivo dos profissionais de saúde. As estratégias para potencializar a adesão forma: educação em saúde; acolhimento e corresponsabilidade; busca de faltosos, monitoramento de exames e da adesão ao tratamento e, interdisciplinaridade e intersetorialidade. Conclusão: os enfermeiros utilizaram estratégias para potencializar a adesão ao tratamento com foco nas dimensões assistências e educacionais diante às vulnerabilidades dos pacientes. Necessitando ampliar a estratégia do tratamento diretamente observado para redução do abandono.

Objective: to identify nurses' strategies to enhance adherence of patients on tuberculosis treatment in the face of their vulnerabilities to dropout. Method: a descriptive study of qualitative approach, carried out with 13 nurses from Primary Health Care in a municipality of Ceará, Brazil. Semi-structured interviews were used and submitted to the Collective Subject Discourse technique. Result: the vulnerabilities to dropout were: health conditions; behavioral aspects; lack of housing, money, and family support; and lack of encouragement from health professionals. The strategies to enhance adherence were: health education; welcoming and co-responsibility; search for absentees, monitoring of tests and treatment adherence, and interdisciplinarity and intersectoriality. Conclusion: the nurses used strategies to enhance treatment adherence focusing on the care and educational dimensions in face of the patients' vulnerabilities. Need to expand the strategy of directly observed treatment to reduce dropout.

Objetivo: identificar estrategias de enfermeros para potencializar la adhesión de pacientes en tratamiento de tuberculosis delante de sus vulnerabilidades al abandono. Método: estudio descriptivo de abordaje cualitativo, realizado con 13 enfermeros de la Atención Primaria de Salud de un municipio Cearense, Brasil. Utilizado entrevista semiestructurada que fueron sometidas a técnica del Discurso del Sujeto Colectivo. Resultado: las vulnerabilidades al abandono fueron: condiciones de salud; aspectos comportamentales; falta de vivienda, dinero y apoyo familiar y falta de incentivo de profesionales de salud. Las estrategias para potencializar la adhesión forma: educación en salud; hospitalidad y corresponsabilidad; búsqueda de faltosos, monitoreo de exámenes y adhesión al tratamiento y, interdisciplinariedad e intersectorialidad. Conclusión: los enfermeros utilizaron estrategias para potencializar la adhesión al tratamiento con enfoque en las dimensiones asistenciales y educacionales delante a las vulnerabilidades de los pacientes. Necesitando ampliar la estrategia del tratamiento directamente observado para reducción del abandono.

Nurse Practitioner Led Emergency Clinic for Nosocomial Tuberculosis Exposure in a Level 3 NICU.

This article describes the nurse practitioner (NP) led management of a possible nosocomial exposure of tuberculosis (TB) in a level 3 NICU in Toronto, Canada. 26 babies, premature and term, were identified as being at risk and multiple emergency clinics were set up to diagnose possible infection, prescribe window prophylaxis, and monitor for adverse effects to the medication. The NICU NPs were chosen to organize, co-ordinate, and manage these emergency clinics because of their skills in leadership, diagnosing, therapeutic management, and client relationship building. The clinic was able to achieve 100 percent follow up with each at risk baby, from initial assessment through to completion of window prophylaxis with negative tuberculin skin test. Some insight in to the decision making surrounding possible TB outbreak management is provided, and special considerations around therapeutic management specific to this population are discussed. This incident demonstrates how nurse practitioners can be utilized to provide high quality care, across multiple clinical situations, to meet the needs of the health care system.

Eswatini Nursing Council Regulatory Reforms: Process towards Entry to Practice Examination.

Objective: To identify and to measure entry level competencies (knowledge, skills, attitudes, judgements) for nurses to practice safely and effectively in the Kingdom of Eswatini. Introduction: Eswatini, formerly known as Swaziland, is a small sub-Saharan country between South Africa and Mozambique. There are four nursing programs approved by the Eswatini Nursing Council (ENC) that provide nursing education in the areas of general nursing, midwifery, mental health and community health. The mandate of the ENC is to protect the public and to this end licensed nurses must be able to meet standardized entry level requirements. Methods: We identified gaps in expected competencies of new nurses led to comprehensive strategies by many stakeholders to close the gaps. Nursing competencies were categorized into seven learning domains with specific, measurable indicators included in each domain. Specific clinical skills essential for entry to practice were identified. Results: Provision of Quality Care; Information Management Systems; Emergency/Trauma/Disaster Management; Infection Prevention & Control; Leadership and Management; Ethics/Legal Issues/Professional Conduct; and Prevention/Treatment & Care of HIV, AIDS, TB are the seven competency domains that are measured on a newly developed standardized entry to practice multiple choice examination. Essential clinical skills are also assessed prior to obtaining licensure. Conclusion: Implementing these standards will ensure that nurses in Eswatini have the appropriate skill set to deliver care to their patients, improve their communities' health, and enable the kingdom to make advances towards universal health coverage and attainment of the sustainable development goals.

Professional skills for health promotion in caring for tuberculosis patients.

OBJECTIVES: to understand the health promotion skills found in the speeches of health practitioners in care for TB patients. METHODS: qualitative study, developed with seven practitioners involved in care for TB patients, identified from a sociocentric approach, whose speeches were submitted to analysis based on the health promotion skills model in the Galway Consensus. RESULTS: there were four domains: Catalyzing change; Leadership; Planning; and Partnerships. These domains resulted from health education actions, contribution of management nursing practitioners, seeking to meet patients' needs and articulation of professional sectors. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: there were some skill domains in the speeches of health practitioners, with the nurse being quoted in the development of essential skills for health promotion activities, such as catalyzing change and leading care for TB patients.

Employees' knowledge and practices on occupational exposure to tuberculosis at specialised tuberculosis hospitals in South Africa.

BACKGROUND: To prevent the spread of infection of tuberculosis (TB), sufficient knowledge and safe practices regarding occupational exposure are crucial for all employees working in TB hospitals. OBJECTIVES: To explore and describe the knowledge and practices of employees working in three specialised TB hospitals in Nelson Mandela Bay, Eastern Cape, regarding occupational exposure to TB. METHODS: A quantitative, descriptive and contextual study was conducted using convenience sampling to have 181 employees at the three hospitals elected to complete the self-administered questionnaire, which was distributed in December 2016. Three scores on a scale of 0-10 were calculated per participant: knowledge, personal practice and institutional practice. Descriptive and inferential statistics were utilised. RESULTS: Approximately, one-third (34%) of the participants were between the ages of 36 and 45 years. Most of the participants (63%) attended high school and less than one-third (28%) had a tertiary qualification. The majority of participants (62%) had not received any clinical training. Participants displayed high scores ( 6) for knowledge (75%; mean = 6.65), personal practice (68%; mean = 6.12) and institutional practice (51%; mean = 6.15). The correlation between knowledge and personal practice was found to be non-significant (r = 0.033). An analysis of variance revealed that Knowledge is significantly related to age and education level. CONCLUSION: Employees' knowledge regarding occupational TB exposure was generally high, but they were not necessarily practicing what they knew. Further research is required regarding appropriate managerial interventions to ensure that employees' practices improve, which should reduce the risk of occupational TB exposure.

Caring for Tuberculosis Patients: Understanding the Plight of Nurses at a Regional Hospital in Limpopo Province, South Africa.

Tuberculosis (TB) is a disease which is caused by a relatively large, non-motile, rod-shaped pathogen called Mycobacterium tuberculosis. TB is a major cause of illness and death worldwide, especially in Asia and Africa. Despite the fact that TB is a curable illness, the tragedy is that TB remains the biggest killer in the world as a single pathogen. The aim of this study was to determine the experiences of nurses caring for TB patients at a regional hospital in Limpopo Province, South Africa. Qualitative, exploratory, and descriptive designs were used. A non-probability purposive sampling method was used to select the participants. The personal experiences of six nurses with more than five years' experience caring for TB patients at a regional hospital were explored, and it was guided by data saturation. Data were collected through in-depth individual interviews. Data were analyzed using Colaizzi's method. Trustworthiness was ensured and ethical considerations were observed in this study. The research findings revealed six major themes from the raw data: challenges of the working environment, problems impacting on the quality of nursing care, fear, anxiety, stress and risk of contracting infection, nurses' perceptions towards patients, support structure available in the hospital, and support needs for the nurses. Therefore, there is an urgent need to address the challenges experienced by nurses caring for communicable diseases through provision of a positive practice work environment.

Experience of nursing students regarding clinical support in the management of TB and HIV patients in a primary healthcare setting: a phenomenological study.

INTRODUCTION: management of tuberculosis (TB) and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) within primary health care (PHC) facilities involve nursing students as part of them integrating theory to practice. Clinical learning for nursing students requires adequate support from the Nursing Education Institution (NEI) and nursing professionals. Given the dearth of literature regarding clinical support for nursing students in the management of TB/HIV in PHC setting, this study is aimed at exploring and describing nursing students' experiences regarding clinical support. METHODS: a phenomenological design was used to explore and describe the experiences of nursing students using an individual, unstructured, in-depth interview. Audio-taped interviews were transcribed verbatim and analysed using Atlas TI software. RESULTS: themes derived from the study were factors inhibiting clinical support which incorporated shortage of professional nurses (PNs), lack of accompaniment, fear of managing TB/HIV patients and negative attitudes of PNs; outcomes of poor clinical support included inability to integrate TB/HIV theory to practice and lack of confidence among nursing students; nursing students' desired outcomes through clinical support included becoming a competent TB/HIV nurse and the ability to integrate TB/HIV theory to practice; and strategies to strengthen and promote clinical support in TB/HIV management through strengthened occupational health and safety learning, provision of knowledge regarding post-exposure prophylaxis and infection control, and appointed clinical PN for students in each facility. CONCLUSION: the development of policies for clinical support, increasing supervision, appointment of clinical preceptors and accompanists in facilities where nursing students are placed would promote clinical learning within the NEI and the production of competent and confident nurses.

Nursing practices centered on individuals with tuberculosis: an interface with democracy / Prácticas de Enfermería dirigidas al individuo con tuberculosis: interfaz con la democracia / Práticas de enfermagem centradas no indivíduo com tuberculose: interface com a democracia

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze whether user-centered nursing practices in TB DOT are being carried out and are contributing to democracy. Method: A cross-sectional, exploratory, descriptive study with 123 nurses in three capital cities with high incidence of TB (Manaus-AM, João Pessoa-PB, Porto Alegre-RS) in Brazil. Data were collected from January to June 2014. Descriptive and multiple correspondence analyzes were used. Results: It was identified that the most user-centered care actions had scores below 50%, considered unfavorable to the exercise of democracy. In the analysis of the general user-centered practice score per municipality, Manaus and João Pessoa presented unfavorable results, and the municipality of Porto Alegre was partially favorable. Conclusion: The three municipalities need to advance in the implementation of user-centered practices in DOT, because their health system still has difficulties and challenges to overcome.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Analizar si las prácticas de enfermería dirigidas al paciente de TDO de la TB están realizándose y si contribuyen a la democracia. Método: Estudio descriptivo exploratorio, corte transversal, realizado con 123 enfermeros en tres capitales de alta incidencia de TB (Manaus-AM; João Pessoa-PB; Porto Alegre-RS) en Brasil. Datos recolectados de enero a junio de 2014. Se utilizaron análisis descriptivo y de correspondencia múltiple. Resultados: Se identificó que la mayoría de las acciones de cuidado dirigido al paciente presentaron puntajes inferiores al 50%, considerados desfavorables al ejercicio de la democracia. Analizando los puntajes generales de las prácticas dirigidas al paciente por municipio, Manaus y João Pessoa expresaron resultados desfavorables, y Porto Alegre, parcialmente favorables. Conclusión: Los tres municipios precisan avanzar en la realización de prácticas dirigidas al paciente de TDO, dado que aún representan dificultades y desafíos a superarse por parte del sistema de salud.

RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar se as práticas de enfermagem centradas no usuário em Tratamento Diretamente Observado da tuberculose estão sendo desenvolvidas e se estão contribuindo para a democracia. Método: Estudo descritivo e exploratório, de corte transversal, realizado com 123 enfermeiros em três capitais brasileiras com alta incidência de tuberculose. Os dados foram coletados no período de janeiro a junho de 2014 e analisados mediante análises descritiva e de correspondência múltipla. Resultados: A maioria das ações de cuidado centrado no usuário apresentou escores abaixo de 50%, considerados desfavoráveis ao exercício da democracia. Na análise do escore geral das práticas centradas no usuário por município, Manaus e João Pessoa apresentaram resultados desfavoráveis, e Porto Alegre, parcialmente favoráveis. Conclusão: As três capitais precisam avançar na realização de práticas centradas no usuário submetido a este tipo de tratamento, pois ainda apresentam dificuldades e desafios a serem superados pelo sistema de saúde.

Permanence of professionals who work in the Tuberculosis Control Program / Permanencia de profesionales que actúan en el Programa de Control de la Tuberculosis / Permanência de profissionais que atuam no programa de controle da tuberculose

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the length of stay of the professionals who work in the Tuberculosis Control Program in Basic Health Units of the city of Rio de Janeiro/RJ. Method: Sectional study, developed in eight Health Units of the Maré Complex/RJ. Physicians, nurses, nursing technicians and Community Health Agents of the Family Health Teams were interviewed. The Kruskal-Wallis test was used to verify the existence of groups with the same distribution, and Dunn's multiple comparison test with Bonferroni correction, to identify which group presented a difference. Results: Among Health Units, a significant difference was observed in the length of work (p-value = 0.0005909) and in the dwell time (p-value = 0.0003598). Conclusion: It was observed low length of stay of the professionals that work in the Basic Health Units. This result points to challenges inherent in the control of tuberculosis at the local level.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Analizar el tiempo de permanencia de los profesionales que actúan en el Programa de Control de la Tuberculosis en Unidades Básicas de Salud del municipio de Río de Janeiro/RJ. Método: Estudio seccional, desarrollado en ocho Unidades de Salud del Complejo de la Maré/RJ. Entrevistaron médicos, enfermeros, técnicos de enfermería y Agentes Comunitarios de Salud de los Equipos de Salud de la Familia. Se optó por la prueba de Kruskal-Wallis para verificar la existencia de grupos con la misma distribución, y prueba de comparaciones múltiples de Dunn, con corrección de Bonferroni, para identificar qué grupo presentaba diferencia. Resultados: Entre las Unidades de Salud, se comprueba diferencia significativa en el tiempo de ejercicio de la función (p-value = 0,0005909) y en el tiempo de permanencia (p-value = 0,0003598). Conclusión: Se constató bajo tiempo de permanencia de los profesionales que actúan en las Unidades Básicas de Salud. Este resultado apunta a desafíos inherentes al control de la tuberculosis a nivel local.

RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar o tempo de permanência dos profissionais que atuam no Programa de Controle da Tuberculose em Unidades Básicas de Saúde do município do Rio de Janeiro/RJ. Método: Estudo seccional, desenvolvido em oito Unidades de Saúde do Complexo da Maré/RJ. Entrevistaram-se médicos, enfermeiros, técnicos de enfermagem e Agentes Comunitários de Saúde das Equipes de Saúde da Família. Optou-se pelo teste de Kruskal-Wallis para verificar a existência de grupos com a mesma distribuição, e teste de comparações múltiplas de Dunn, com correção de Bonferroni, para identificar qual grupo apresentava diferença. Resultados: Entre as Unidades de Saúde, comprova-se diferença significativa no tempo de exercício da função (p-value = 0,0005909) e no tempo de permanência (p-value = 0,0003598). Conclusão: Constatou-se baixo tempo de permanência dos profissionais que atuam nas Unidades Básicas de Saúde. Esse resultado aponta para desafios inerentes ao controle da tuberculose em nível local.

Tuberculosis: knowledge among nursing undergraduate students / Tuberculosis: conocimiento entre alumnos de graduación de enfermería / Tuberculose: conhecimento entre alunos de graduação em enfermagem

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the knowledge about tuberculosis among nursing undergraduate students of a Federal Higher Education Institution. Method: Descriptive cross-sectional study, with quantitative approach. Data were collected through a questionnaire based on the WHO's guide to developing evaluation instruments on knowledge, attitudes and practices related to TB. Students were classified as "with knowledge" and "with little knowledge" based on the mean percentage of correct responses to the variables analyzed. Descriptive statistics techniques were used. Results: 60 nursing students were interviewed. "with little knowledge" was observed among students who were studying at the university for less time and who had no previous contact with the subject, and "with knowledge" was observed among those whose knowledge about tuberculosis was acquired in the health services. Conclusion: Knowledge gaps among undergraduate nursing students were identified, suggesting the need to rethink teaching-learning strategies on the subject.

RESUMEN Objetivo: analizar el conocimiento acerca de la tuberculosis entre alumnos de graduación de Enfermería de una Universidad Federal de Enseñanza Superior. Método: se trata de un estudio descriptivo, de abordaje cuantitativo, realizado de manera transversal. Los datos se recogieron con un cuestionario basado en la guía de la OMS para el desarrollo de instrumentos de evaluación sobre conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas relacionadas con la tuberculosis. Los alumnos se categorizaron en grupos de "conocimiento" y "poco conocimiento", según el promedio de respuestas para las variables analizadas. Se utilizaron técnicas de estadística descriptiva. Resultados: de los 60 alumnos entrevistados, se advirtió "poco conocimiento" entre los que tenían menos tiempo de estudio en la universidad y prácticamente ningún contacto anterior con el tema, y "conocimiento", entre aquellos que habían aprendido sobre la tuberculosis en los servicios de salud. Conclusión: el conocimiento sobre la tuberculosis entre alumnos de graduación de enfermería es exiguo, lo que demuestra la necesidad de repensar estrategias de enseñanza-aprendizaje sobre el tema.

RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar o conhecimento sobre a tuberculose entre alunos de graduação de Enfermagem de uma Universidade Federal de Ensino Superior. Método: Estudo descritivo realizado de maneira transversal, com abordagem quantitativa. Os dados foram coletados por meio de questionário elaborado com base no guia da OMS para desenvolvimento de instrumentos de avaliação de conhecimento, atitudes e práticas relacionados à tuberculose. Os alunos foram categorizados em grupos de "conhecimento" e "pouco conhecimento" com base no percentual médio de respostas para as variáveis analisadas. Utilizaram-se técnicas de estatística descritiva. Resultados: Entrevistaram-se 60 alunos de enfermagem. Observou-se "pouco conhecimento" entre alunos com menor tempo de estudo na universidade e sem contato prévio com o tema e "conhecimento" entre aqueles cujo conhecimento sobre a tuberculose foi adquirido nos serviços de saúde. Conclusão: Identificaram-se falhas no conhecimento entre alunos de graduação em enfermagem, sugerindo necessidade de repensar estratégias de ensino-aprendizagem sobre o tema.

Nursing practices centered on individuals with tuberculosis: an interface with democracy.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze whether user-centered nursing practices in TB DOT are being carried out and are contributing to democracy. METHOD: A cross-sectional, exploratory, descriptive study with 123 nurses in three capital cities with high incidence of TB (Manaus-AM, João Pessoa-PB, Porto Alegre-RS) in Brazil. Data were collected from January to June 2014. Descriptive and multiple correspondence analyzes were used. RESULTS: It was identified that the most user-centered care actions had scores below 50%, considered unfavorable to the exercise of democracy. In the analysis of the general user-centered practice score per municipality, Manaus and João Pessoa presented unfavorable results, and the municipality of Porto Alegre was partially favorable. CONCLUSION: The three municipalities need to advance in the implementation of user-centered practices in DOT, because their health system still has difficulties and challenges to overcome.

Permanence of professionals who work in the Tuberculosis Control Program.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the length of stay of the professionals who work in the Tuberculosis Control Program in Basic Health Units of the city of Rio de Janeiro/RJ. METHOD: Sectional study, developed in eight Health Units of the Maré Complex/RJ. Physicians, nurses, nursing technicians and Community Health Agents of the Family Health Teams were interviewed. The Kruskal-Wallis test was used to verify the existence of groups with the same distribution, and Dunn's multiple comparison test with Bonferroni correction, to identify which group presented a difference. RESULTS: Among Health Units, a significant difference was observed in the length of work (p-value = 0.0005909) and in the dwell time (p-value = 0.0003598). CONCLUSION: It was observed low length of stay of the professionals that work in the Basic Health Units. This result points to challenges inherent in the control of tuberculosis at the local level.

Tuberculosis: knowledge among nursing undergraduate students.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the knowledge about tuberculosis among nursing undergraduate students of a Federal Higher Education Institution. METHOD: Descriptive cross-sectional study, with quantitative approach. Data were collected through a questionnaire based on the WHO's guide to developing evaluation instruments on knowledge, attitudes and practices related to TB. Students were classified as "with knowledge" and "with little knowledge" based on the mean percentage of correct responses to the variables analyzed. Descriptive statistics techniques were used. RESULTS: 60 nursing students were interviewed. "with little knowledge" was observed among students who were studying at the university for less time and who had no previous contact with the subject, and "with knowledge" was observed among those whose knowledge about tuberculosis was acquired in the health services. CONCLUSION: Knowledge gaps among undergraduate nursing students were identified, suggesting the need to rethink teaching-learning strategies on the subject.